[Revised entry by Karolina Hübner on April 22, 2026.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Spinoza’s epistemology and philosophy of mind are governed by some rather unintuitive commitments: first, a commitment to universal intelligibility, often described as Spinoza’s version of what, with Leibniz, came to be known as the Principle of Sufficient Reason (PSR); second, a commitment to the explanatory closure of the mental and the physical; third, a commitment to the explanatory and ontological priority of an infinite thinker over any finite mind. The entry discusses these commitments before diving into the details of…